Consider a cylindrical titanium wire 3.0 mm in diameter and 2.5x\(10^4\) mm long. Calculate its elongation when a load of 500 N is applied. Assume that the deformation is totally elastic.
Titanium
\(l_{0} = \) 3.0mm
\(d_{0} =\) \(2.5 x 10^4\)mm
Load: F = 500 N
Elongation \(\implies\) \(\Delta l\) = ?
Ti \(\implies\) E = 107GPA
\(A = A_{0} = {\pi \over 4} d_{0}^2 \) \(\quad\) \(\epsilon = {\Delta l \over l_{0}}\) \(\quad\) \(\sigma = {F \over A_{0}}\) \(\quad\) \(\sigma = E \epsilon\)
Take the assumptions and solve for elongation:
\(\Delta l = \epsilon l_{0}\)
\(\Delta l = {\sigma \over E} l_0\)
\(\Delta l = {F \over A_0} {l_0 \over E}\)
\(\Delta l = {F l_0 \over {\pi \over 4} {d_0}^2 E}\)
\( \Delta l = {(2.5x10^{4}mm)(500 N) \over ({\pi \over 4})(3x10^{-3}m)^2(107x10^9 N/m^2)} \) = 0.0165 m
\( \Delta l\) = 16.5 mm